What Are the Main Types of Gum Disease?

There are three main types of gum disease:

1. Gingivitis

2. Periodontitis

3. Acute Necrotising Ulcerative Gingivitis (ANUG)

1. Gingivitis

Gingivitis is the earliest and mildest form of gum disease. It’s caused by plaque buildup—a soft, sticky film of bacteria that forms on your teeth. When plaque isn’t removed through regular brushing and flossing, it irritates the gums.

Common signs of gingivitis include:

• Bleeding gums during brushing, flossing, or eating hard foods like apples

• Red, swollen, or tender gums

• Occasional bad breath (halitosis)

Although gingivitis is typically painless, it’s important to treat it early. With improved oral hygiene and professional dental cleanings, gingivitis is usually reversible.

2. Periodontitis

If gingivitis is not addressed, it can progress to periodontitis—a more serious form of gum disease. This condition affects the supporting structures of the teeth, including the bone and ligaments.

Over time, periodontitis can cause:

• Gum recession

• Loose or shifting teeth

• Formation of deep pockets between teeth and gums

• Permanent tooth loss if untreated

Regular dental checkups and professional cleanings are crucial for managing and halting the progression of periodontitis.

3. Acute Necrotising Ulcerative Gingivitis (ANUG)

ANUG is a severe and sudden form of gum disease, often accompanied by intense pain, bleeding, and ulceration of the gums. It requires urgent dental care and is more common in individuals with poor oral hygiene, high stress, or weakened immune systems.

Preventing Gum Disease

Good oral hygiene is your best defense against gum disease. That means:

• Brushing twice daily with fluoride toothpaste

• Flossing once a day

• Regular dental cleanings and exams

• Avoiding tobacco use and maintaining a healthy diet

📍 Concerned about your gum health?
Visit us at 370 Sixteen Mile Dr, Oakville, ON L6M 0Z3
📞 Call now: (289) 837-2222 to schedule a gum disease screening or cleaning.